1. Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zomgangatho ekugqityweni okuthambileyo:

Ayikwazi ukufikelela kwiimvakalelo ezifanelekileyo:

Uhlobo oluthambileyo lokugqitywa kokuthamba luyahluka ngokweemfuno zabathengi, ezinje ngokuthamba, ukutyibilika, ukujijeka, ukuthamba, ukurhabaxa, ukoma, njl.njl. Umzekelo, kwifilimu, kukho izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zefilimu yokuthambisa, ukuthamba kwayo, ukungalingani, ukutyibilika, ubutyheli, ukufuma kwilaphu kwahlukile; Kwioyile yesilicone, iipropathi zeoyile yesilicone eguqulweyo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo eziguqulweyo zahlukile, ezinjengeoyile ye-amino abicah, ioyile ye-hydroxyl abicah, ioyile ye-epoxy eguquliweyo, ioyile ye-carboxyl kunye nokunye.

Umbala ujika tyheli:

Ngokubanzi ngolwakhiwo oluthile lwefilimu kunye ne-amino silicone yeoyile ebangelwa kukutyheli kweamino. Kwifilimu, ifilimu ye-cationic ithambile, yiva ilungile, kulula ukukhangisa kwilaphu, kodwa kulula ukuyila umbala omthubi, i-hydrophilic, efana nohlengahlengiso lwefilimu ye-cationic kwi-oyile ethambileyo, umthubi uya kuncitshiswa kakhulu, i-hydrophilic nayo kufuneka iphucule, Ifilimu yecationic edityanisiweyo kunye neoyile ye-hydrophilic silicone, okanye ihydrophilic yokugqiba iarhente edibeneyo, iya kuyiphucula i-hydrophilicity yayo.

Ifilimu ye-Anion okanye ye-non-ion ayilulanga ukuba ityheli, enye ifilimu ayi tyheli, nayo ayichaphazeli hydrophilicity.

I-oyile ye-amino abicah yeyona oyile isetyenziswa kakhulu okwangoku, kodwa ngenxa yokuba iamino izakubangela ukutshintsha kombala kunye nokutyheli, kokukhona inyuka ixabiso le ammonia, kokukhona kuya kuba bukhulu ngatyheli, kufuneka itshintshwe ibe yioyile yesicicic amino okanye i-polyether eguqulweyo, epoxy modified silicone ioyile ekungelula ukuyityheli.

Ukongeza, ii-cationic surfactants ezinje nge-1227, 1831, 1631 ngamanye amaxesha zisetyenziswa kwi-emulsion polymerization njengeemulsifiers, ezinokuthi zivelise ubutyheli.

Xa i-emulsifying oyile yesilicone, ukusetyenziswa kwe-emulsifier, "isiphumo sayo sokuhluba" kwahlukile, kuya kubangela iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokuhluba kunye nokukhanya kombala, kube lutshintsho kumbala.

(3) i-hydrophilicity yelaphu yehlile:

Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kweengxaki zokwakheka kwefilimu kunye neoyile ye-silicone kwifilimu emva kokunqongophala kofuzo lokungenisa amanzi, kwaye ivaliwe njenge-cellulose fiber hydroxyl, uboya bebhokisi yebhoksi, i-amino kunye nezinye iziko lokufunxa amanzi kubangele ukuncipha kokufunxwa kwamanzi, kufuneka bakhethe i-anion kangangoko kunokwenzeka, Ifilimu engeyo-ionic kunye nohlobo lwe-hydrophilic lweoyile yesilicone.

(4) amabala amnyama:

Esona sizathu kukuba ilaphu belingekacocwa ngaphambi konyango, kwaye umbala ubumnyama xa usenza idayi. Okanye amagwebu amaninzi kwindawo yokuhlamba, i-foam kunye ne sweta yeentyatyambo, umxube wedayi kwilaphu; Okanye ukwenza ioyile edadayo ioli edadayo ebangelwe ngamabala amnyama eoyile; Okanye izinto zetela kwidayi VAT kwilaphu; Okanye idayi kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo ziyagcwala kwiindawo ezimnyama; Okanye i-calcium magnesium ion yamanzi kakhulu kunye nokudibanisa ukudaya kwilaphu kunye nezinye izizathu. Ukujoliswa kunyango, njengaphambi konyango ukongeza iarhente yeoyile yokusulungekisa, ukudaya isifo sikaGawulayo ukusebenzisa amagwebu asezantsi, akukho zongezo zegwebu, iarhente engcolisayo ukukhetha uhlobo lweoyile engadadanga, ukongeza iiarhente zokukrexeza ukuphucula umgangatho wamanzi, yongeza i-solubilizing dispersant ukuthintela ukwanda kwedayi, ukusebenzisa iarhente yokucoca ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukucoca isilinda.

(5) amabala akhanyayo:

Esona sizathu siphambili kukuba ngaphambi kokuba unyango lungalingani, amanye amalungu amahlwempu kaMao Xiao, ale ukwala, okanye ngokwala ukudaya izinto, amalaphu okanye unyango lwangaphambi kwesepha ye-magnesium calcium, isepha, njl njl, okanye isilika engalinganiyo, engalinganiyo okanye Imveliso esecaleni eyomileyo, okanye ilaphu elinyibilikiswe yi-sodium sulphate, isoda ash kunye nezinye izinto eziqinileyo, okanye edayiweyo ngaphambi kokumisa amathontsi amanzi, okanye ukudaya ukulungiswa kokuthanjiswa okuthambileyo ngezongezo ezinje ngamabala. Kwangokunjalo, kufuneka kujoliswe kunyango, njengokuqinisa unyango lwangaphambi kokunyanga, ukhetho lwangaphambi konyango lweearhente ezincedisayo akufuneki lwenze i-calcium kunye nesepha ye-magnesium, unyango langaphambi kwexesha kufuneka lufanane kwaye lucokiseke (oku kuhambelana nokukhethwa kwearhente yokukrwela, ukungena , ukuhlafuna ukusasazeka, ukungena ngetyala, njl.njl.), Isalfathi yesodiyam, isoda kufuneka ibe kwiVAT kwaye kufuneka yomeleze ulawulo lwemveliso.

6. Indawo yealkali:

Esona sizathu siphambili kukuba ukususwa kwealkali emva kokunyangwa kwangaphambili (njengokufaka iblice, imercerization) ayicocekanga okanye ayifani, nto leyo ekhokelela kwisizukulwane sealkali, ngoko ke kufuneka someleze inkqubo yokususwa kwealkali kwinkqubo yangaphambi kokunyangwa.

Amabala okuthambisa:

Kukho ezi zizathu zilandelayo:

Imathiriyeli yefilimu ayilunganga, kukho iblower softener ebambelela kwilaphu;

B. Emva kokuba izinto zefilimu zigwebe kakhulu, kwilaphu eliphuma kwisilinda, ilaphu elinamabala e-foam esithambileyo;

C. Umgangatho wamanzi awulunganga, ubunzima buphezulu kakhulu, ukungcola emanzini kunye nesinyibilikisi se-bond agglutinate kwilaphu. Eminye imizi-mveliso ide isebenzise isodiyam hempetaphosphate okanye alum ukunyanga amanzi, ezi zinto kunye nokungcola kwifom yamanzi kugudle amanzi, kungena kwindawo yokuthambisa yonyango ethambileyo emva kwendwangu enamachaphaza;

D. Ingubo yelaphu enezinto ze-anion, ekusebenzeni okuthambileyo, kunye ne-cationic softener edityanisiweyo, okanye ilaphu elingaphezulu kunye nealkali, ukuze isithambisi sokunciphisa;

Isakhiwo sokuthambisa sihlukile, ezinye kubushushu obuphezulu zibangela isithambisi ukusuka kwimeko ye-emulsified ukuya kwi-slag ehambelana nelaphu njalo njalo.

F. I-softener efana ne-tar kunye nezinye izinto kwisilinda yawa yaze yanamathela kwilaphu.

Amabala eoyile yesilicon:

Olu lolona hlobo lwendawo lubanzima, ezona zizathu ziphambili:

Ixabiso le-PH yelaphu alifikanga ngokungathathi hlangothi, ngakumbi kwi-alkali, okukhokelela kwioyile yeoyile edilikayo yesilicone;

Unyango lwamanzi okuhlamba unyango luhlwempuzekile, ubunzima buphezulu kakhulu, ioyile yesilic kwi> 150PPM yobulukhuni bamanzi kulula ukudada ioyile;

C.Iingxaki ezisemgangathweni zeoyile yesilicone zibandakanya i-emulsification engalunganga (ukhetho olungalunganga lwe-emulsifier, inkqubo ye-emulsification engalunganga, amasuntswana amakhulu kakhulu e-emulsification, njl.) Kunye nokuxhathisa kwe-shear (ikakhulu iingxaki zeoyile ye-silicone uqobo, efana nomgangatho weoyile ye-silicone, inkqubo ye-emulsification, iintlobo zeoyile yesilicone, inkqubo yeoyile yokuhlanganiswa kweoyile, njl.

Unokukhetha ioyile ye-silicone enganyangekiyo kukucheba, i-electrolyte kunye notshintsho lwe-PH, kodwa kuya kufuneka unike ingqalelo ekusetyenzisweni kweoyile yesilicone kunye nokusingqongileyo. Unokujonga kwakhona ukukhetha ioyile ye-hydrophilic silicone.

9. Ukungahambi kakuhle:

I-Fluff ngokusebenza kakubi komatshini wokwenza umatshini (njengokulawula uxinzelelo, isantya se-roller, njl.) Kukho ubudlelwane obusondeleyo, bokwenza i-napping, i-softener (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-wax), i-coefficient enamandla kunye ne-static friction Isitshixo sesithambisi se-fuzz, ukuba isithambisi esinamahlwempu, siya kukhokelela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-fluff engalunganga, nokuba ibangele ukuba i-blah yaphuke okanye itshintshe ububanzi.

2. Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zomgangatho ekugqityweni kwentlaka:

Ingxaki ye-Formaldehyde:

Ngenxa yesiphumo sesimahla se-formaldehyde kwi-resin okanye kwi-n-hydroxymethyl yokwakheka kwentlaka ye-formaldehyde ebangelwa ngumxholo we-formaldehyde ongaphaya komda. I-resin ephezulu ye-formaldehyde resin okanye i-resin ye-non-formaldehyde kufuneka isetyenziswe.

Ewe umthombo wengxaki ye-formaldehyde ubanzi kakhulu, njenge-arhente yokulungisa i-Y, M, isithambisi se-MS-20, S-1, iarhente engangeni manzi i-AEG, i-FTC, i-adhesive RF, ilangatye elidodobalisa i-THPC kunye nezinye izongezo ngamanye amaxesha zikwabangela ukuba i-formaldehyde igqithe umgangatho. Kwangelo xesha, ukufuduka kwe-formaldehyde emoyeni kunokubangela ukuba i-formaldehyde egqithileyo kwilaphu.

Ingxaki yotyheli okanye umbala:

Ukugqitywa kwentlaka, ngokubanzi kuya kubangela ukuthungwa, ukwenzela ukulawula ixabiso le-PH ye-arhente yokugqiba i-resin, equle i-acidic components, i-catalyst components, ngokukhawuleza ukunciphisa ukutshintshela, ukutshintsha umbala.

(3) ingxaki yokwehla okuqinileyo:

Ukugqitywa kwentlaka ngokubanzi kuya kuvelisa ukwehla okunamandla, kungongezwa iarhente yokukhusela ifayibha, enje nge-oxidized polyethylene wax emulsifier.

Ingxaki yokubamba:

Ukugqitywa kwentlaka ngokubanzi kuya kubangela ukuba imeko yokuziva iqine, inokongezwa izithako ezithambileyo, kodwa akufuneki ichaphazele umgangatho wokugqitywa kwentlaka. Zive uphuculwe, ukuphucula ingxaki yokuhla kwamandla kuphuculwe kakhulu. Kodwa ukuziva ukuba i-resin yomhlaba ibangela ukulinda kanzima ukuba ingxaki ibangelwe sisizathu esifana nentlaka ngokwayo kunye nokomisa, zifuna ukuqhubeka nokuphucula ngokuthe ngqo.

Ezinye iingxaki ezisemgangathweni:

(1) ion zentsimbi ezigqithileyo:

Iion zentsimbi, Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, zinc, Hg, As, Pb, Cd kwiimveliso ezithunyelwa ngaphandle ezinje ngovavanyo, ukuba zigqithile, nazo zineziphumo ezibi, njenge-formaldehyde kwizincedisi, olu hlobo lwe-ion yentsimbi lincinci, kodwa ezinye zezongezo zinokubangela ukugqitha, ezinje nge-flame retardant antimony trioxide emulsion equlathe isixa esikhulu semekyuri, iarhente yokuthintela amanzi Cr, PhoboTexCR (ciba), Cerolc (sandoz) equlathe i-chromium. Xa uboya busontiwe ngedayi ephakathi, idayi ephakathi isetyenziswa yi-potassium dichromate okanye i-sodium dichromate okanye isodium chromate, iCr6 + iya kugqitha umda.

Ingxaki yotshintsho lombala:

Emva kokugqiba, utshintsho lombala lungaphezulu, kufuneka luqwalasele xa kukhethwa umbala wedayi, xa kusenziwa idayi yokuphonononga, kufuneka kuqhubeke ukugqiba ngokuhambelana nenkqubo, kuya kudaya ekugqityweni kwesigwebo ukukhetha umsebenzi oncedisayo okhutshelwe Umtsalane, ewe, kungcono ukhethe ukungabangeli utshintsho lombala emva kokugqiba isisombululo esisiso, kodwa oku kunokuba sisithintelo (njengearhente ye-antibacterial equlathe ubhedu ngokwayo inombala, iarhente yokuthintela amanzi nayo inombala, oqukethe i-chromium inokubangela utshintsho kumbala wengubo ), kunye nokuthathela ingqalelo ilaphu elidaywe ngexesha lokumisa ukuphilisa ukukhanya kombala kunye notshintsho kumbala olubangelwa yidayi sublimation kunye nobushushu obuphezulu obubangelwa zizinto ezinjenge tyheli.

(3) APEO ukutyeba kakhulu:

I-APEO njengesalathisi ikwathintelwe ngamanye amazwe, izikhombisi kunye nokunyanzelwa kwearhente eyoyikayo, iarhente yokungena, ukuprinta ukudaya i-lotion net, iarhente yokulinganisa, ukuthambisa iarhente xa ugqiba konke okunxulumene, njenge-emulsifier kwi-TX esetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngoku, i-NP uthotho lwamayeza asebenzayo njengezinto ezingamancedo ezingafunekiyo, kunzima ukuthintela, ekuphela kwendlela yokwenza idayi kumzi-mveliso ukuba inyanzelise ukusebenzisa izongezo zokhuselo lokusingqongileyo, ngokungqongqo ukubeka isiphelo se-APEO kunye nezongezo eziyityhefu neziyingozi kumzi-mveliso.